Magnetron is an electric vacuum device used to generate microwave energy. Essentially, a diode placed in a constant magnetic field is launched. Under the control of a constant magnetic field and a constant electric field perpendicular to each other, electrons inside the tube interact with high-frequency electromagnetic fields, converting the energy obtained from the constant electric field into microwave energy, thereby achieving the goal of generating microwave energy. Meanwhile, magnetron is a consumable that is prone to aging and demagnetization.

A magnetron is composed of a sealed vacuum tube with a cylindrical central cathode (electron source) placed inside a cylindrical anode, where electrons are attracted to the anode by an electrostatic field. A stable magnetic field along the axis of the vacuum tube uses electrons to deviate from its radial path. Rotating around the cathode produces oscillations at microwave frequencies. Widely used in radar generators.